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Topic: Detailed rulings regarding triple divorce

(No-33451)

Q Assalamu Alaikum Wa Rahmatullahi Wa Barakatuh
Respected Scholars!
I am seeking guidance regarding a personal matter in accordance with Shariah. My husband pronounced triple talaq verbally in one sitting shortly after I gave birth. I am in the postpartum period, and no witnesses were present. I am unsure about his intent or mental state
I would like to know the ruling according to different madhhabs. In Hanafi, is instant triple talaq valid or considered one talaq? How is it viewed in Shafi‘i, Maliki, and Hanbali schools? Do timing, anger, or intent affect its validity?
Please advise on my rights regarding idah, housing, maintenance, child support, and the possibility of reconciliation. I also seek guidance on how I should proceed to act according to Shariah and protect my rights as a wife and mother.
JazakAllahu Khair

a(1) according to all schools of Islamic jurisprudence, three divorces are counted as three. None of the four madhahib consider three divorces to be counted as only one.
(2) A divorce issued during post-birth bleeding (nifās) takes effect. Similarly, a divorce issued in a state of anger is also effective, unless the anger becomes so extreme that it overwhelms the husband’s senses to the extent that he is unaware of what he is saying, in such a case the ruling may differ.
With regard to intention: if the husband uses clear and explicit words of divorce, then the divorce takes effect whether he intended it or not, because explicit divorce does not depend on intention.
(3) In the situation mentioned in the question, after three divorces, the woman must observe the iddah (waiting period) of three menstrual cycles. During the Iddah, the husband is still responsible for her housing and basic expenses. The expenses of minor children also remain obligatory on the husband. After three divorces, reconciliation or revocation is not possible.
(4) After three divorces, you are no longer your husband’s wife. As the mother of the children, you should continue to care for them and focus on their proper upbringing. After your Iddah has ended, if a good marriage proposal arises, you should not delay marriage unnecessarily.

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دلائل:

القرآن الكريم: (الطلاق، الآية: ١)
﴿ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِهِنَّ وَأَحْصُوا الْعِدَّةَ ۖ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ ۖ لَا تُخْرِجُوهُنَّ مِنْ بُيُوتِهِنَّ وَلَا يَخْرُجْنَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ مُبَيِّنَةٍ ۚ وَتِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ ۚ وَمَنْ يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَقَدْ ظَلَمَ نَفْسَهُ... ●﴾

شرح النووي على مسلم: (10/ 70، ط: دار إحياء التراث العربي)
«وقد اختلف العلماء فيمن قال لامرأته أنت طالق ثلاثا فقال الشافعي ومالك وأبو حنيفة وأحمد وجماهير العلماء من السلف والخلف يقع الثلاث وقال طاوس وبعض أهل الظاهر لا يقع بذلك إلا واحدة وهو رواية عن الحجاج بن أرطأة ومحمد بن إسحاق والمشهور عن الحجاج بن أرطأة أنه لا يقع به شيء وهو قول بن مقاتل ورواية عن محمد بن إسحاق»

واللہ تعالٰی اعلم بالصواب
دارالافتاء الاخلاص، کراچی

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