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Topic: Ruling on Abortion and Divorce During Pregnancy

(No-38744)

Q my sister is got married in September 2025 and now four month pregnant the husband and their family want to give her divorce for no reason and insisting to destroy the pregnancy. my questions are as follows; 1) Can the husband divorce the wife if she is pregnant and would the divorce become effective same time explain? 2) As the husband said to kill the pregnancy is it Halal to kill an unborn baby? 3) Can the mother give birth to the baby and be the legal guardian lifetime and islamically and legally under Pakistani law the husband surrender the rights? 4) If it is forbidden in Islam and husband is insisting to destroy pregnancy so killing baby will be sinful for who?

aIt should be understood that no human being in this world is created perfect. Every person has some level of weakness or shortcoming, and the beauty of life lies in overlooking one another’s faults and maintaining relationships. The marital relationship, in particular, is very delicate and sensitive, and therefore requires a greater degree of patience, tolerance, and love.
Allah Almighty says in the Qur’an:
“Live with them in the recognized manner. If you dislike them, then it is quite likely that you dislike something and Allah has placed a lot of good in it. [19]”
(Surah an-Nisa: 19)
Therefore, husband and wife should endure one another’s shortcomings with love and tolerance and try to make their married life pleasant.
Divorce without a valid Shari‘ah reason is disliked by Allah. In this regard, the Prophet ﷺ said:
“Of all the lawful acts the most detestable to Allah is divorce.”
(Sunan Abu Dawud, Hadith no. 2178)
However, if a divorce issued during pregnancy does take effect.
It should also be clearly noted that after four months of pregnancy, the “rooh” (soul - روح) is breathed into the fetus. After this point, abortion is not permissible in Shari‘ah. Therefore, if the husband insists on terminating the pregnancy, it is not permissible for the woman to comply with his demand.
Furthermore, if in such a situation the husband issues a divorce, then the financial support of the child born from that pregnancy remains the father’s responsibility. If the child is a boy, his financial support is obligatory upon the father until he reaches puberty. If the child is a girl, her financial support is obligatory upon the father until she gets married. If the husband refuses to fulfill this obligation, the woman has the right, according to Shari‘ah, to pursue legal action to obtain this support.

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دلائل:

القرآن الكريم:(سورة النساء،الآية:19)
عَاشِرُوْهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوْفِ ۚ فَاِنْ كَرِهْتُمُوْهُنَّ فَعَسٰٓى اَنْ تَكْرَهُوْا شَيْئًا وَّيَجْعَلَ اللّٰهُ فِيْهِ خَيْرًا كَثِيْرًا

سنن لأبی داؤد: (باب فی کراھیة الطلاق، رقم الحدیث: 2178)
حَدَّثَنَا كَثِيرُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ ، عَنْ مُعَرِّفِ بْنِ وَاصِلٍ ، عَنْ مُحَارِبِ بْنِ دِثَارٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " أَبْغَضُ الْحَلَالِ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى الطَّلَاقُ".

مسند احمد:(مسند علي بن أبي طالب،رقم الحديث:1095)
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْقَوَارِيرِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ زُبَيْدٍ ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيِّ ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " لَا طَاعَةَ لِمَخْلُوقٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ".

ردّ المحتار: (باب الخلع،441/3،ط: سعید)
و في القھستاني عن شرح الطحاوي: السنة إذا وقع بین الزوجین اختلاف أن یجتمع أهلهما لیصلحوا بینهما، فإن لم یصطلحا جاز الطلاق و الخلع. و هذا هو الحکم المذکور في الآیة.

الدر المختار:(باب العدة،511/3،ط: دار الفكر)
(ﻭ) ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ (اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ) ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﻣﺔ، ﺃﻭ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻴﺔ، ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻧﺎ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺝ ﺣﺒﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻧﺎ ﻭﺩﺧﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺛﻢ ﻣﺎﺕ، ﺃﻭ ﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﺘﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺟﻮاﻫﺮ اﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ (ﻭﺿﻊ) ﺟﻤﻴﻊ (ﺣﻤﻠﻬﺎ)

المحيط البرهاني: (374/5، ط:دار الكتب العلمية، بيروت)
وبعدما وصل الماء إلى رحمها إذا أرادت الإلقاء هل يباح لها ذلك: إن أرادت ذلك بعد مضي مدة ينفخ فيه الروح، فليس لها ذلك؛ لأنها تصير قاتلة؛ فإنه اعتبر هنا على غلبة الظاهر، فلا يحل لها كما بعد الانفصال، وإن أرادت الإلقاء قبل مضي مدة ينفخ فيه الروح؛ اختلف المشايخ فيه؛ قال بعضهم: يحل لها ذلك؛ لأن قبل مضي المدة التي ينفخ فيه الروح لا حكم لها، فهذا والعزل سواء.

الفتاوى الهندية:(في نفقة الأولاد،570/1،ط: دار الفكر)
ﻧﻔﻘﺔ اﻷﻭﻻﺩ اﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﺏ ﻻ ﻳﺸﺎﺭﻛﻪ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻛﺬا ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻮﻫﺮﺓ اﻟﻨﻴﺮﺓ.

وفيه أيضاً:(في نفقة الأولاد،563/1،ط: دار الفكر)
ﻭﻧﻔﻘﺔ اﻹﻧﺎﺙ ﻭاﺟﺒﺔ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻵﺑﺎء ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﺰﻭﺟﻦ ﺇﺫا ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻟﻬﻦ ﻣﺎﻝ ﻛﺬا ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ.

Allah knows best.
Dar al-Ifta al-Ikhlas, Karachi.

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