Topic: Performing Qaza for Years Worth of Fasts   (No-8083)

Q Can a woman, who has been unable to fast during Ramadan for approximately 10 years due to pregnancy and breastfeeding, give fidyah as compensation for her missed fasts instead of performing qaza?

aIn the situation described, it is “wajib” for you to perform qaza for all the fasts you missed due to pregnancy or breastfeeding. Giving fidyah instead will not suffice. This is because according to the shariah, fidyah can only be given by those who are fully incapable of fasting due to severe illness or old age and have no hope of regaining their health in the future.

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دلائل:

القرآن الکریم: (البقرة، الایة: 183)
یاایھا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا کُتِبَ عَلَیْکُمُ الصِّیَامُ کَمَا کُتِبَ عَلٰی الَّذِیْنَ مِنْ قَبْلِکُمْ لَعَلَّکُمْ تَتَّقُوْنَ۔ اَیَّامًا مَعْدُوْدَاتٍ فَمَنْ کَانَ مِنْکُمْ مَرِیْضًا اَوْ عَلٰی سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّۃٌ مِنْ اَیَّامٍ اُخَرَ وَعَلٰی الَّذِیْنَ یُطِیْقُوْنَہُ فِدْیَۃٌ طَعَامُ مِسْکِیْنٍ فَمَنْ تَطَوَّعَ خَیْرًا فَہُوَ خَیْرٌ لَہُ وَاَنْ تَصُوْمُوْا خَیْرٌ لَکُمْ اِنْ کُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُوْنَo

الھندیة: (206/1)
الباب الخامس فی الاعذار التی تبیح الافطار: منھا السفر… (ومنھا المرض) اذا خاف علی نفسہ التلف او ذھاب عضو یفطر بالاجماع …(ومنھا حبل المرأۃ وارضاعھا) الحامل والمرضع اذا خافتا علی انفسھما او ولدھما افطرتا وقضتا ولا کفارۃ علیھما ۔

الدر المختار مع رد المحتار: (427/2)
(وللشیخ الفانی العاجزعن الصوم الفطر ویفدی) وجوبا ولوفی اول الشھر۔
(قولہ ولو فی اوّل الشھر) ای یخیر بین دفعھا فی اولہ وآخرہ۔

Allah the Almighty knows best.
Darul ifta Al-Ikhlas, Karachi.

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